Campus View of Alfred University

Appendix II: Data Tables on Athletes Most at Risk

At a confidence level of 99 percent, athletes most at risk of being subjected to any kind of hazing for athletics were:

  • Male (p=.0009)
  • Non-Greek (p=.0012)
  • Swimmers or divers (p=.00001)
  • Soccer players (p=.0083)
  • Lacrosse players (p=.0016)
  • In the east or south (p=.0017)
  • On a rural campus (p=.0016)
  • On a residential campus (p=.0014)
  • On a campus with a Greek system (p=.0113)
  • In a state with no anti-hazing law (p=.0139)

Although a Greek system on campus is a significant predictor of hazing, it is particularly non-Greeks, however, who are most likely to be involved with athletic hazing.

Profile of Athletes Who Were Hazed and Profile of Their Campuses

Gender Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Male 62 155,781
Female 38 96,860

Greek Member? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Member 11 27,354
Not Member 89 224,261

Athletic Scholarship Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 36 91,154
No 64 160,799

Which NCAA division does the athlete belong to? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Division I 41 104,052
Division II 22 55,501
Division III 37 93,088

Ethnicity Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Caucasian 90 226,254
African-American 5 11,516
Other 5 13,752

 

Which region is the athlete located in? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
East/North East 41 95,153
South 20 47,025
Midwest 20 46,986
West 19 43,848

 

Is the athlete residential or a commuter? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Residential 85 205,998
Commuter 15 34,978

 

What type of location does the athlete live in? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Urban 32 72,984
Suburban 36 83,678
Rural 32 74,890

 

Is the athlete a member of a Greek system? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 74 184,304
No 26 63,967

 

Is there a state law in place? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 92 209,346
No 8 18,067

 

Type of institution athlete attends Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Public 41 97,432
Private 59 141,356


When viewing specific groups of athletes, however, we find the picture is somewhat more complex. Using the four groups of athletes defined based on the general severity of their activities, the following tables provide profiles of athletes in each of the four groups:

  • Acceptable Initiation Activities Only
  • Questionable Initiation Activities, not clearly unacceptable
  • Alcohol-related Initiation Activities, not otherwise unacceptable
  • Unacceptable Initiation Activities, other than alcohol-related

Unacceptable Initiation. At a confidence level of 99 percent, athletes most at risk of being subjected to clearly unacceptable and potentially illegal initiation activities, regardless of the involvement of alcohol, are:

  • Male (p=.0001)
  • Swimmers or divers (p=.0001)
  • Football players (p=.005)
  • Water polo players (p=.024) (98% confidence level)
  • In the south or mid-west (p=.009)

Profile of Athletes Who Were Hazed and Profile of Their Campuses

Gender Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Male 60 95,557
Female 40 63,266

 

Greek Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Member 12 18,264
Not Member 88 140,031

 

On Athletic Scholarship Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 35 55,983
No 65 102,693

 

NCAA Division Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Division I 43 68,003
Division II 20 31,841
Division III 37 58,978

 

Ethnicity Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Caucasian 94 148,542
African-American 3 4,051
Other 3 5,651

 

Which region is the athlete located in? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
East/North East 43 63,020
South 18 26,222
Midwest 22 32,899
West 17 25,149

 

Residential or Commuter?  Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Residential 87 131,828
Commuter 13 20,118

 

Location Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Urban 32 45,770
Suburban 35 51,316
Rural 33 48,334

 

Greek System Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 76 118,260
No 24 38,231

 

State law in place? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 93 132,232
No 7 10,711

 

Type of institution Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Public 40 60,803
Private 60 98,679

Questionable Initiations. At a confidence level of 96 percent, athletes most at risk of being subjected to questionable, but not unacceptable, initiation activities were: football players (p=.001) in the south or west (p=.0001).

Profile of Athletes Subjected to Questionable Initiation and Profile of Their Campuses

Gender Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Male 63 135,046
Female 37 80,792

 

Greek Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Member 10 22,288
Not Member 90 102,736

 

On athletic scholarship Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 37 79,268
No 63 135,882

 

NCAA Division Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Division I 41 88,545
Division II 22 48,421
Division III 37 78,873

 

Ethnicity Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Caucasian 89 191,653
African-American 5 10,637
Other 6 12,428

 

Region Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
East/North East 41 81,736
South 21 41,520
Midwest 20 39,286
West 18 35,831

 

Residential or Commuter?  Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Residential 85 175,417
Commuter 15 30,597

 

Location Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Urban 32 62,390
Suburban 37 72,754
Rural 32 62,801

 

Greek System Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 74 157,370
No 26 54,286

 

State law in place Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 92 179,155
No 8 15,534

 

Type of institution Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Public 41 83,002
Private 59 120,471

Acceptable Initiation. At a confidence level of 99 percent, athletes most apt to be involved in only acceptable initiation were:

  • Female (p=.014)
  • Greek members (p=.001)
  • Track (p=.009)
  • Fencing (p=.014)
  • Tennis players (p=.038) (97% confidence level)
  • In the mid-west or west (p=.039) (97% confidence level)
  • On commuter campuses (p=.002)
  • On urban campuses (p=.043) (96% confidence level)

Profile of Athletes Involved in Only Acceptable Initiation and Profile of Their Campuses

Gender Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Male 56 34,707
Female 44 27,180

 

Greek Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Member 17 10,558
Not Member 83 51,023

 

On athletic scholarship Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 36 22,070
No 64 39,817

 

NCAA Division Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Division I 42 25,935
Division II 19 11,598
Division III 39 24,355

 

Ethnicity Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Caucasian 90 54,906
African-American 4 2,640
Other 6 3,099

 

Region Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
East/North East 32 17,645
South 20 11,060
Midwest 28 15,133
West 20 11,109

 

Residential or commuter?  Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Residential 81 46,356
Commuter 19 11,018

 

Location Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Urban 37 19,950
Suburban 34 18,445
Rural 29 15,927

 

Greek System Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 73 44,941
No 27 16,286

 

State law in place? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 93 50,486
No 7 3,714

 

Type of institution Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Public 38 21,712
Private 62 35,395

When the use of alcohol, either during recruitment or later in a drinking contest, is considered the dominant factor, the picture shifts again.

Alcohol on Recruitment. At a confidence level of 99 percent, athletes most at risk of consuming alcohol on recruitment were:

  • On athletic scholarship (p=.0001)
  • NCAA Division I (p=.0001)
  • Swimmers or divers (p=.0001)
  • Lacrosse players (p=.0001)
  • Football players (p=.0001)
  • Soccer players (p=.013)
  • In the east (p=.017)
  • On rural (p=.005), residential campuses (p=.0001)
  • In a state with an anti-hazing law (p=.0001)

Profile of NCAA Athletes Consuming Alcohol on Recruitment Visits and Profile of Their Campuses

Gender Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Male 62 83,956
Female 38 52,205

 

Greek Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Member 14 18,765
Not Member 86 117,227

 

On athletic scholarship Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 42 57,596
No 58 78,194

 

NCAA Division Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Division I 47 64,285
Division II 20 26,785
Division III 33 45,091

 

Ethnicity Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Caucasian 93 125,478
African-American 3 4,129
Other 4 5,973

 

Region Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
East/North East 43 55,040
South 20 24,855
Midwest 21 26,932
West 16 20,200

 

Residential Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Residential 87 113,051
Commuter 13 16,359

 

Location Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Urban 30 37,218
Suburban 34 41,760
Rural 36 44,257

 

Greek System Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 80 107,463
No 20 27,112

 

State law in place Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 93 113,977
No 7 8,822

 

Type of institution Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Public 42 53,282
Private 58 53,282

Drinking Contests for Athletic Team Initiation. At a confidence level of 99 percent, athletes most at risk of being subjected to drinking contests for athletic team initiation were:

  • Swimmers or divers (p=.0001)
  • Lacrosse players (p=.0001)
  • Hockey players (p=.039) (97% confidence level)
  • In the east (p=.0001)
  • On rural campuses (p=.032) (97% confidence level)
  • On residential campuses (p=.0001)
  • In a state with no anti-hazing law (p=.026)

Profile of Athletes Participating in Drinking Contests for Initiation and Profile of Their Campuses

 

Gender Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Male 61 66,528
Female 39 42,992

 

Greek Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Member 11 12,374
Not Member 89 96,859

 

On athletic scholarship Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 38 40,961
No 62 68,189

 

NCAA Division Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Division I 38 41,361
Division II 35 37,324
Division III 37 40,835

 

Ethnicity Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Caucasian 94 102,390
African-American 2 1,700
Other 4 5,018

 

Region Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
East/North East 47 48,214
South 16 16,251
Midwest 19 19,528
West 18 17,896

 

Residential or commuter?  Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Residential 88 91,560
Commuter 12 12,888

 

Location Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Urban 32 31,920
Suburban 32 31,350
Rural 36 35,662

 

Greek system? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 75 80,317
No 25 27,444

 

State law in place? Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Yes 91 90,262
No 9 9,436

 

Type of institution Percentage of athletes Number of athletes
Public 41 42,269
Private 59 60,044